Scientific Program

Conference Series Ltd invites all the participants across the globe to attend 7th Annual Congress on Pulmonary and Critical Care Tokyo, Japan.

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Scientific Program Day 1

Day 1 :

Keynote Forum

Strandvik G F

Co-director, Royal College of Anaesthetists, UK

Keynote: Damage to the lung: What we can learn from chest trauma
Conference Series Pulmonary Meet 2019 International Conference Keynote Speaker Strandvik G F photo
Biography:

Strandvik G F is currently working as a Senior Consultant in the Trauma Surgery Section of Hamad General Hospital and also Co-director of the Trauma Critical Care Fellowship Program. He is a Member of the Royal College of Physicians, a Fellow of the Royal College of Anaesthetists, UK, and a Founding Fellow of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine, UK. He has completed his Post-graduate training in Anaesthesia and Critical Care at Guy’s and St Thomas’, Royal Brompton and University College Hospitals in London, UK.

Abstract:

Traumatic chest injury is a common complication of trauma. The chest wall, airways and lungs beautifully illustrate the interplay between anatomy, physiology and biochemistry. The pathophysiology of traumatic injury to the lung runs the gamut from the fairly simple concept of air around the lung in pneumothorax, through to a profound multi-system disorder associated with the acute respiratory distress syndrome, precipitated by lung contusions. The clinical approach to a pneumothorax includes the routine use of ultrasound in at-risk patients. Sensitivities and specificities are comparable to chest X-ray. Chest-X ray evaluation of pleural fluid in trauma, however, remains a key tool in determining the likely amount of fluid in the pleural space. The clinical approach to pleural fluid in the setting of a critically ill victim of trauma deviates from that of a non-trauma presentation; accessing the pleural space involves a careful balance of risks. Clinical features of pulmonary contusions range from pulmonary hemorrhage to diffuse cytokine storm. Evidence for empirical treatment with Tranexamic acid to treat or prevent pulmonary hemorrhage is currently lacking. Ventilatory strategies aimed at preventing progression to ARDS include protective ventilatory strategies and limitation of excess fluids. Treatment of established ARDS involves probing and early consideration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation techniques. Future research directions include genotypeprediction of which patients will progress to multi-organ failure. Early recognition may assist in preventing progression to severe disease. Pulmonary rehabilitation involves effective nutrition and early ambulation. The avoidance of pulmonary-active medications may expedite recovery.

Keynote Forum

Ferenc Petak

University of Szeged

Keynote: Compromises airway function and respiratory tissue viscoelasticity in patients with diabetes mellitus

Time : 10:15 - 10:45

Conference Series Pulmonary Meet 2019 International Conference Keynote Speaker Ferenc Petak photo
Biography:

Ferenc Petak has completed his PhD from University of Szeged, Hungary and Post-doctoral studies at the Institute for Child Health Research, Australia. He is the Founder and Head of the Cardiopulmonary Research Unit, Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute at the journal.

 

Abstract:

Since structural and functional alterations of matrix proteins following chronically elevated serum glucose level cause adverse structural and functional changes in the collagen-elastin network, the lungs are expected to be among the most affected organs in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Thus, we aimed at characterizing the alterations in the mechanical properties of the airways and respiratory tissues in patients with DM, and we related the lung function outcomes to those obtained in patients without metabolic disorders. In a prospective consecutive study design, forced oscillation technique was used to measure the input impedance spectra of the respiratory system (Zrs) in cardiac surgery patients with diagnosed DM (Group DM, n=124) and in matched controls (Group C, n=281). The airway resistance (Raw), the tissue damping reflecting tissue resistive properties (G), and the elastance representing respiratory tissue stiffness (H) were identified from the Zrs spectra by a well-validated model fitting. Hemoglobin A1c was significantly higher in Group DM (6.97±0.1 [SE]%) than in group C (5.79±0.2%), confirming the overexpression of glycated hemoglobin in the DM patients. Patient in group DM exhibited significantly elevated Raw (8.8±0.6 vs. 5.7±0.3 [SE] cmH2O.s/l, p<0.001), G (12.4±0.7 vs. 8.6±0.3 cmH2O/l, p<0.001) and H (32.6 ±0.3 vs. 27.5±0.3 cmH2O/l, p<0.001). These findings suggest compromised airway function in DM patient, most probably resulting from the sustained contractile response of the bronchial smooth muscle. The deteriorations in respiratory tissue viscoelasticity in DM may be a consequence of lung volume loss, interstitial edema and/or disturbance in the elastin-collagen fiber–fiber interaction.

 

Keynote Forum

Abdul Rahman Hakami

Jazan University, Saudi Arabia

Keynote: Giant mediastinal mixed germ cell tumor: A rare case report and review of literature

Time : 11:15

Biography:

Abdul Rahman Hakami is currently working as an Assistant Professor of Medicine at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia and also a Researcher in Amsterdam University, Netherlands. He has completed his Internal Medicine in Respiratory Diseases from Sweden and Clinical and Research Fellowship in Interventional Pulmonology and Interstitial Lung Diseases from Amsterdam University, Netherlands.

 

Abstract:

Introduction: Germ cells tumors are relatively rare, embryologically derived from reproductive cells usually arise in the gonads. Mediastinal germ cell tumor estimated about 1-3% of all germ cell tumors, generally seen in the anterior mediastinum and the metastatic lesions are mostly seen in the posterior mediastinum. The most aggressive germ cell tumor subtypes are choriocarcinoma, embryonic carcinoma and yolk-sac tumors. While seminomas only very rarely spread distantly. The presentations vary ranging from accidental findings on routine radiography to life-threatening respiratory and cardiovascular compromise, can also present as gigantic big intrathoracic germ cell tumor.

Case Report: A 30 years old male patient, not known to have any chronic illness, referred from TB hospital center because history of dyspnea, cough and loss of appetite with weight loss for more than 4 months, no history of chest pain or hemoptysis. Chest X-ray done and showed complete obliteration of the right side of thorax, was suspected pleural effusion and diagnosed as case of pleural TB and empyema, started on ant tuberculosis drugs, antibiotics and received chest drain with a little bloody fluid. Computed hospital of chest with contrast revealed very big mas obliterating the right side of chest, pushing the trachea and mediastinum to the left side with minimal effusion in both sides. Pleural US revealed mass and effusion but no empyema. Differential diagnosis was mediastina mass, adenocarcinoma, thymic carcinoma, lymphomas, fibroma or fibro sarcoma. US guided transthoracic fine needle biopsy from the right side mass revealed mixed germ cell tumor. The patient’s condition had rapidly deteriorated prior the confirming the diagnosis or starting with treatments and died because of difficult airway breathing due to deviated and compressed airway and possible pneumothorax after transthoracic biopsy.

Conclusion: Germ cell tumors are aggressive and rapidly growing cancers, the previous literature reported the nature of the extra gonadal mediastinal germ cell tumor can appear as Giant mass occlude whole lung, compressing the great vessels, adherent to chest wall, pericardium and lung and this make a worse prognosis, The estimated event-free survival at 10 years after combined treatment is 80.4%. Chemotherapy, debulking and pneumoctomy are the treatment for such cases.